Diwali

Diwali symbolizes the spiritual victory of light over darkness. It teaches that even in the deepest darkness, a single lamp of knowledge and righteousness can illuminate the path. The festival honors Goddess Lakshmi, who bestows prosperity upon those who are righteous.

When Lord Rama defeated the demon king Ravana and returned to Ayodhya after 14 years of exile, the people of Ayodhya lit thousands of earthen lamps (diyas) to welcome him home. The entire city was illuminated, symbolizing the return of dharma. In another tradition, Diwali celebrates the day Goddess Lakshmi emerged from the Samudra Manthan (churning of the ocean) and chose Lord Vishnu as her eternal consort.

Homes are cleaned and decorated with rangoli, diyas, and lights. Families perform Lakshmi Puja on the main night. New clothes are worn, sweets are shared with neighbors and relatives. Firecrackers are lit in many regions. Many businesses begin their new financial year on Diwali.

Sweets (mithai) like laddu, barfi, gulab jamun, kaju katli; savory snacks like chakli, namak pare, murukku; regional specialties vary greatly

In Bengal, Diwali coincides with Kali Puja. In South India, it celebrates Krishna's victory over Narakasura. In Gujarat, the new year begins the day after Diwali. In Maharashtra, special oil baths are taken at dawn.